A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports feeling stress. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an external stressor?

A) A recent move to a new city: A move to a new city is an example of an external stressor. External stressors are environmental or situational factors that create stress, such as life changes, events, or challenges in the outside world. Relocating can involve significant adjustments, such as adapting to a new community, finding housing, and establishing new social connections, all of which can cause stress. B) Lack of nutritional knowledge: Lack of nutritional knowledge is an internal stressor, as it involves an individual's beliefs, attitudes, and understanding. While it can cause stress, it is a personal factor rather than an external, environmental one. C) Report of feeling depressed: Feelings of depression are an internal stressor because they are related to an individual’s emotional state or mental health. This reflects the client's internal experience rather than an external environmental factor. D) Recurring urinary tract infections: Recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a health-related concern and can be seen as a physiological stressor. However, they are not strictly external; they are related to the individual’s health and body rather than external environmental circumstances.