A nurse is collecting data while caring for a school-age child. Which of the following findings may indicate an undiagnosed bleeding disorder?

A. Mood changes. While mood changes can occur due to various health conditions, they are not a direct indicator of a bleeding disorder. Bleeding disorders typically present with physical symptoms like easy bruising or joint swelling. B. Swollen knees. Joint swelling (hemarthrosis) is a key sign of bleeding disorders such as hemophilia. In children with a bleeding disorder, even minor trauma can cause bleeding into the joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling, particularly in weight-bearing joints like the knees and ankles. C. Frequent falls. While frequent falls may result in bruising, they are not a direct indicator of a bleeding disorder. However, children with a bleeding disorder may bruise excessively or experience prolonged bleeding after minor falls. D. Dental caries. Dental caries (tooth decay) is not a symptom of a bleeding disorder but rather results from poor oral hygiene, dietary factors, or bacterial infection. Bleeding disorders may cause prolonged bleeding after dental procedures, but they do not directly cause cavities.