A nurse is discussing advocacy with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following examples should the newly licensed nurse identify as nursing advocacy?

Choice A reason: Advocacy involves protecting and promoting the client’s rights and preferences. Speaking on behalf of a client who wishes to refuse a treatment, such as electroconvulsive therapy, exemplifies advocacy by ensuring the client’s autonomy and informed consent are respected. Choice B reason: Spending extra time with a grieving client is compassionate care but does not constitute advocacy unless it involves defending the client’s rights or preferences in a decision-making context. Choice C reason: Devoting equal time to clients reflects fairness and workload management but is not advocacy. Advocacy is about individualized support based on client needs and rights. Choice D reason: Explaining adverse effects is part of routine client education. While important, it does not involve representing the client’s interests or intervening on their behalf.