A nurse is planning care for a 4-hour-old newborn born to a client who has a prenatal history of substance use disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Choice A rationaleThe Ballard exam assesses gestational age, not substance exposure. It does not provide information about substance use disorder.Choice B rationaleNon-nutritive sucking with a pacifier provides comfort and soothes newborns experiencing withdrawal symptoms due to substance exposure.Choice C rationaleNaloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, but it is not indicated for routine care of newborns with substance exposure.Choice D rationaleFrequent bonding can overstimulate newborns withdrawing from substances. Limited, calming interactions are more appropriate in this context.