A nurse is preparing a client for a colonoscopy. The client has a family history of colon cancer. Which of the following types of prevention is the nurse demonstrating?

A. Primary prevention involves interventions to prevent the onset of disease, such as vaccination, healthy diet, or exercise. A colonoscopy is not preventing the initial occurrence of cancer but rather detecting it early. B. Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and reducing complications of an existing disease, such as rehabilitation after surgery or chemotherapy. The client has not been diagnosed with colon cancer yet. C. Secondary prevention involves early detection and screening to identify disease in its earliest stages before symptoms appear. Preparing a client for a colonoscopy, especially with a family history of colon cancer, is an example of secondary prevention, as it aims to detect precancerous polyps or early-stage cancer for timely intervention. D. Quaternary prevention refers to actions taken to prevent overmedicalization or unnecessary interventions, which is not relevant in this scenario.