A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?

A. Massaging the injection site after heparin administration is inappropriate because it can cause bruising or hematoma formation due to the anticoagulant effect. B. A 22-gauge needle is too large for subcutaneous heparin injections; smaller needles (25–27 gauge) are recommended to minimize tissue trauma. C. A 1-inch needle is generally too long for subcutaneous injections and increases the risk of intramuscular injection; a ⅜- to ⅝-inch needle is preferred. D. The abdomen above the iliac crest is the preferred site for subcutaneous heparin injections because it provides adequate subcutaneous tissue, allows for proper absorption, and reduces the risk of bleeding or bruising compared to other sites.