A nurse is preparing to interview a client to obtain a health history. Which actions should the nurse take to promote effective communication and accurate data collection? (Select all that apply)

Choice A reason: Interrupting a client can be perceived as disrespectful and may cause them to withhold important information. While the nurse must direct the interview, using redirection techniques is more effective than abrupt interruption. Constant interruptions break the client's train of thought and hinder the development of a therapeutic, trusting relationship. Choice B reason: Therapeutic silence is a vital communication tool that allows the client time to organize their thoughts and elaborate on sensitive topics. It signals that the nurse is attentive and willing to wait for the client’s input, which often leads to the disclosure of more detailed and accurate health data. Choice C reason: A nonjudgmental attitude is essential for fostering a safe environment where the client feels comfortable sharing honest information about lifestyle choices, drug use, or sexual history. If a client senses judgment, they may provide socially desirable answers rather than accurate health information, compromising the assessment. Choice D reason: Interviews should typically begin with open-ended questions to allow the client to describe their concerns in their own words. Closed-ended questions are useful for clarifying specific details later, but starting with them limits the scope of the information gathered and may miss the client's primary reason for seeking care. Choice E reason: Sitting at eye level establishes a sense of equality and helps to diminish the power imbalance between the nurse and the client. This positioning facilitates better eye contact and nonverbal communication, making the nurse appear more approachable and focused on the client's needs rather than appearing rushed or authoritative.