A nurse is providing care to a client who has dyslexia. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect to observe?

Choice A rationale Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor decoding and spelling abilities. These difficulties typically stem from a deficit in the phonological component of language that is often unexpected in relation to other cognitive abilities and the provision of effective classroom instruction, manifesting as significant trouble reading. Choice B rationale Difficulty solving math problems is characteristic of dyscalculia, another specific learning disorder. While learning disorders can co-occur, dyslexia specifically pertains to challenges in language-based processing related to reading and spelling, not primary mathematical reasoning or calculation, which involves different cognitive pathways. Choice C rationale The ability to write in cursive is a motor skill, and while some individuals with dyslexia may have co-occurring fine motor difficulties, it is not a defining or universal characteristic of dyslexia itself. Dyslexia primarily impacts the decoding and encoding of written language, irrespective of the specific script used (print or cursive). Choice D rationale While individuals with severe dyslexia may struggle with written communication due to difficulties with spelling and sentence construction, they are generally able to communicate through writing. The core deficit in dyslexia is primarily related to the mechanical act of reading and spelling words, not a complete inability to form written thoughts or express themselves on paper.