A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client about promoting circulation during the postoperative period. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. "Remain on bed rest for 24 hours following the procedure." Prolonged bed rest increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and pulmonary complications. Early ambulation or movement is encouraged to promote circulation and prevent complications. B. "Participate in range-of-motion exercises." Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises help stimulate venous return, improve circulation, and prevent blood stasis, which lowers the risk of postoperative blood clots and muscle stiffness. C. "Place a pillow under your knees while in bed." Placing a pillow under the knees can impair circulation and increase the risk of venous stasis and thrombus formation. It is not recommended for circulation promotion. D. "Use an incentive spirometer every 4 hours." While this instruction helps prevent respiratory complications, it is not a direct intervention for improving circulatory function. It's primarily used to promote lung expansion postoperatively.