A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stress incontinence. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Rationale: A. Excess body weight increases intra-abdominal pressure, which places additional stress on the bladder and pelvic floor muscles. This can worsen stress incontinence. Weight management is an important nonpharmacological intervention to reduce urine leakage episodes. B. Fluid restriction is not recommended for stress incontinence and may lead to dehydration, concentrated urine, and urinary tract irritation. Normal adequate hydration is encouraged unless otherwise contraindicated. C. Pelvic floor muscle (Kegel) exercises strengthen the muscles that support the urethra and bladder neck, improving sphincter control and reducing urine leakage during activities such as coughing, sneezing, or lifting. D. Timed voiding or bladder training helps reduce episodes of incontinence by emptying the bladder regularly and preventing unexpected leakage. It helps the client regain better bladder control over time. E. While timing diuretics earlier in the day can reduce nocturia, diuretics are not a primary treatment for stress incontinence and may actually worsen urinary frequency and leakage if not appropriately indicated. They are not a standard teaching point for stress incontinence management.