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    Ati lpn med surg proctored exam (perfusion)

    A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching on actions that improve gas exchange to a client diagnosed with emphysema. Which of the following instructions should be included in the teaching?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Limit fluid intake throughout the day: Not recommended for emphysema-adequate hydration helps thin secretions and promote clearance. B. Consume a low-protein diet: Protein needs are not routinely restricted for emphysema; dietary changes usually target carbohydrate/fat balance to reduce CO₂ production, not protein restriction. C. Rest in a supine position: Supine often worsens dyspnea; upright or tripod positions improve chest expansion and breathing. D. Breathe in through her nose and out through pursed lips: Pursed-lip breathing helps slow exhalation, prevent airway collapse, and improve gas exchange in emphysema.

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