A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

Pulmonary embolism education focuses on the pathophysiology of thrombus formation and the subsequent pharmacological management. The nurse must apply knowledge regarding anticoagulant therapy and the necessity of medical monitoring to ensure patient safety and prevent future complications. Choice A rationale Pulmonary emboli vary in severity based on size and location. Small emboli may be asymptomatic or cause minor pleuritic pain, whereas massive saddle emboli can lead to sudden hemodynamic collapse and death. Choice B rationale Treatment for pulmonary embolism primarily involves anticoagulants such as heparin or warfarin. These medications inhibit clotting factors, which effectively prevents further thrombus growth but significantly increases the client risk for spontaneous or traumatic bleeding. Choice C rationale Long-term follow-up is essential for clients who have experienced a pulmonary embolism. Monitoring includes periodic imaging, coagulation studies like PT/INR, and assessing for underlying hypercoagulable states to prevent recurrent life-threatening venous thromboembolic events. Choice D rationale While rest may be necessary during the acute phase, prolonged immobility increases the risk of further deep vein thrombosis. Teaching should emphasize early ambulation and leg exercises once stabilized to promote venous return.