A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client regarding reduction of risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A. "I must stop smoking." Smoking cessation reduces vasoconstriction, inflammation, and thrombosis risk and is a major modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease. B. "I need to monitor my weight." Weight control through diet and exercise lowers risk by improving blood pressure, lipids, and glucose metabolism. C. "I should lower my HDL cholesterol level." HDL is “good” cholesterol; the goal is to maintain or increase HDL, not lower it. D. "I will stop consuming alcohol." Not necessarily While excessive alcohol increases CAD risk (hypertension, triglycerides), moderate alcohol use is sometimes considered acceptable; absolute cessation is not universally required. The key teaching is to limit or avoid excessive alcohol. E. "I am limiting my intake of fast foods." Fast foods are typically high in saturated fat, trans fats, sodium, and calories — limiting them reduces CAD risk.