A nurse is reviewing a client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at increased risk for the development of heart failure? (Select all that apply.

A. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis affects joint function and mobility but does not directly increase the risk for heart failure. While it can limit physical activity, it is not a primary cardiovascular risk factor. B. Alcohol use disorder: Chronic excessive alcohol consumption can lead to cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and arrhythmias, all of which increase the risk for heart failure. Alcohol use disorder is a well-established modifiable risk factor for cardiac dysfunction. C. Sleep apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea contributes to intermittent hypoxia, sympathetic nervous system activation, and increased blood pressure, all of which can promote the development of heart failure. Screening and management of sleep apnea are important preventive measures. D. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes increases the risk of heart failure through mechanisms such as accelerated atherosclerosis, microvascular damage, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Poor glycemic control further elevates cardiovascular risk. E. Hypotension: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, does not increase the risk of heart failure; in fact, hypertension is a more significant risk factor. Chronic hypotension can cause other issues, but it is not directly linked to heart failure development.