A nurse is reviewing the differences between acute glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome with a group of nursing students. Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply.)

Rationale: A. Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) often occurs after a streptococcal infection, such as strep throat or impetigo. This post-infectious immune response leads to inflammation of the glomeruli and manifests with hematuria, hypertension, and mild edema. This statement is correct. B. Hematuria is a hallmark sign of acute glomerulonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome. In nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria is the predominant feature, whereas hematuria may be minimal or absent. Therefore, this statement is incorrect. C. Nephrotic syndrome increases the risk of thromboembolism due to loss of anticoagulant proteins (like antithrombin III) in the urine and resultant hypercoagulable state. This makes clients more prone to deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. This statement is correct. D. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria (>3.5 g/day), hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. The loss of protein in urine is central to the disease pathophysiology. This statement is correct. E. Both AGN and nephrotic syndrome can cause edema, but the distribution may differ. In AGN, edema often presents as periorbital swelling, whereas in nephrotic syndrome, it is more generalized (anasarca). This statement is correct.