A nurse is teaching a class to clients who are pregnant. Which of the following topics should the nurse include in the discussion about cesarean birth? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A rationale Routine use of intubation equipment during a cesarean birth is not standard practice. Intubation is typically reserved for general anesthesia or respiratory compromise. Most cesarean births are performed under regional anesthesia, such as a spinal or epidural block, which allows the mother to remain awake and avoid the need for invasive airway management, minimizing associated risks. Choice B rationale Delay in initiating breastfeeding after a cesarean birth is not a universal or recommended practice. While there may be a slight delay due to recovery from anesthesia, early skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding are encouraged as soon as the mother is stable and alert. This promotes maternal-infant bonding and successful lactation establishment, supporting newborn nutrition and development. Choice C rationale Early ambulation post-surgical procedure, including cesarean birth, is highly advantageous for preventing complications such as deep vein thrombosis and promoting recovery. Movement stimulates circulation, reduces gas accumulation in the intestines, and aids in the restoration of normal bowel function. This active recovery approach significantly improves patient outcomes and comfort. Choice D rationale Management of postpartum pain is a critical topic for clients undergoing a cesarean birth. Effective pain control is essential for the mother's comfort, ability to ambulate, and capacity to care for her newborn. Education should cover various pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain relief methods, including medication schedules, side effects, and when to request additional pain relief. Choice E rationale The need for an indwelling urinary catheter is a common aspect of cesarean birth. A catheter is typically inserted before the procedure to keep the bladder empty, reducing the risk of bladder injury during surgery and allowing for accurate monitoring of urine output post-operatively. It is usually removed within 12 to 24 hours postpartum as ambulation is initiated.