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    Med Surg Proctored Exam - Care Hope College Nur110

    A nurse is teaching a client with systemic lupus erythematosus about prednisone. What statement by the nurse is the priority.

    Explanation & Rationale

    Choice A rationale Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause central nervous system effects such as nervousness, mood changes, and insomnia by altering neurotransmitter levels, but this is a common side effect, not a critical safety priority. While important to mention, it is less critical than instructing the client on the safe discontinuation of the medication to prevent a life-threatening crisis. Choice B rationale Glucocorticoids like prednisone cause mineralocorticoid effects, leading to sodium and fluid retention and potassium loss, which can elevate blood pressure and lead to edema. This is a significant side effect that requires monitoring (e.g., blood pressure, weight), but it does not pose the immediate risk of adrenal crisis that abrupt cessation of the drug does. Choice C rationale Long-term corticosteroid use is associated with Cushingoid effects, including fat redistribution (e.g., "moon face," "buffalo hump," truncal obesity) due to altered metabolism. This is a chronic side effect related to cumulative dose and duration, which is important for quality of life but is not the most urgent safety teaching point upon starting the drug. Choice D rationale Prednisone suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which reduces the body's natural production of cortisol. Abruptly stopping the medication can lead to acute adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crisis), a life-threatening emergency. The nurse's priority is to teach the client to never stop the drug suddenly, but to taper the dose slowly as directed by the provider.

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