A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about caring for clients in the emergency department. Which of the following actions should the nurse include when teaching about interacting with a client who is aggravated, pacing, and speaking loudly?

A. Verbal de-escalation by acknowledging the client’s emotions (“You seem to be very upset”) helps to diffuse tension and can prevent further agitation. B. Initiating seclusion should be a last resort after other de-escalation techniques fail. C. Engaging the panic alarm is necessary only if the client becomes physically violent. D. Using a face shield is not warranted unless there is a risk of bodily fluid exposure.