A nurse is teaching the parent of a 2-year-old child about choking prevention. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)

A. Supervise the child during meals and snack time: Direct supervision ensures immediate intervention if the child begins to choke. Toddlers lack fully developed swallowing coordination, making them more prone to airway obstruction, so supervision is critical for safety. B. Encourage the child to practice chewing gum to strengthen jaw muscles: Chewing gum is not recommended for children under 4 years old due to choking risk. It does not reliably prevent choking and may introduce additional hazards rather than provide safety benefits. C. Allow the child to run while eating snacks: Running or moving while eating increases the risk of aspiration or choking. Children should remain seated during meals and snacks to safely swallow food and prevent airway obstruction. D. Keep small objects such as coins and buttons out of reach: Toddlers explore objects orally, and small items can easily become lodged in the airway. Removing these hazards from the child’s environment is a key preventive measure for choking. E. Cut food into small, bite-sized pieces: Cutting food into manageable sizes reduces the risk of airway obstruction. Foods such as grapes, hot dogs, and raw vegetables should be appropriately sliced or chopped to match the child’s chewing and swallowing abilities.