A nurse is teaching the parents of a toddler about strategies to manage temper tantrums. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A rationale Honoring a child’s request during a breath-holding spell can reinforce this behavior as an effective manipulative tool, increasing the likelihood of future tantrums. Breath-holding is a physiological response, not a conscious choice, and the child will automatically resume breathing once carbon dioxide levels rise. Giving in validates the behavior and undermines the parent’s authority. Choice B rationale A structured daily routine provides a sense of predictability and security for a toddler, reducing anxiety and frustration that often trigger tantrums. When a child knows what to expect, they feel more in control and are less likely to become overwhelmed by changes or transitions, which can be a major source of behavioral outbursts. Choice C rationale Isolating a toddler alone in their room during a tantrum can be frightening and may escalate the behavior. The child may interpret this as punishment or abandonment, which can worsen their distress. While a brief "time-out" in a safe, non-stimulating area can be used, leaving them alone until the tantrum ends is often counterproductive and doesn't teach them coping skills. Choice D rationale Comforting a child during a temper tantrum can inadvertently reinforce the negative behavior by providing positive attention for an undesirable act. While it is important to provide comfort after the tantrum has subsided, giving attention and soothing words during the outburst can make the child more likely to use tantrums to gain parental attention in the future.