A nurse is witnessing a surgeon obtain informed consent from a client. Which of the following legal requirements is met by this action?

When the nurse witnesses informed consent, the nurse's legal role is to verify that the client is signing voluntarily, without coercion, and that the client appears to understand what they are agreeing to. The nurse is not responsible for explaining the procedure, risks, or benefits — this is the surgeon's responsibility. Clients retain the right to refuse treatment at any time, even after signing a consent form.