A nurse is working with an emergency response team in caring for a group of people who may have been exposed to anthrax while doing farm work. Which of the following is the appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Initiate client decontamination: While decontamination (removing clothes and washing with soap and water) is important if there is visible powder or immediate exposure, the prompt describes a group who "may have been exposed" in a farm setting (likely inhalation of spores). The priority medical intervention for the potential progression of the disease is prophylaxis. B. Treat clients with an antitoxin: Antitoxins are used for the treatment of severe, active anthrax disease (to neutralize toxins already released). They are not the first line for exposure prophylaxis. C. Administer antibiotic therapy: Prophylactic antibiotics are the standard of care for individuals exposed to anthrax spores to prevent the spores from germinating and causing infection. The standard regimen usually involves Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline for 60 days. D. Place the clients in isolation: Cutaneous and inhalation anthrax are not contagious from person to person. Standard precautions are sufficient; isolation is not required.