A nurse practicing Peplau’s Relations Theory is working with a newly admitted client who is withdrawn and reluctant to engage. According to Peplau’s working model, which nurse action best explains the orientation phase of the nurse-client relationship?

Choice A reason: Focusing only on medications neglects the interpersonal development central to Peplau’s model. The orientation phase emphasizes relationship building, not task-centered care. Choice B reason: Allowing expression without structure or guidance does not fulfill the orientation phase, which requires the nurse to actively build trust and clarify roles. Choice C reason: Excessive distance prevents rapport, which is essential in the orientation phase where the foundation for a therapeutic relationship must be established. Choice D reason: Establishing trust, being consistent, and clarifying client expectations define the orientation phase of Peplau’s theory. This phase sets the groundwork for collaboration and progress in treatment.