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    Ati Lpn Med Surg Final Proctored Exam

    A patient being treated for hypokalemia develops paralysis and cardiac arrhythmias. What intervention demonstrates clinical judgment?

    Explanation & Rationale

    Hypokalemia reflects a serum potassium concentration <3.5 mEq/L, which destabilizes the resting membrane potential. Severe depletion causes muscular flaccid paralysis and life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias like Torsades de Pointes. Prompt restoration of the intracellular cation balance is mandatory to prevent impending myocardial infarction or respiratory arrest. Rationale: A. Oral potassium is absorbed too slowly for patients exhibiting neuromuscular paralysis or cardiac instability. It is appropriate for mild depletion but cannot address the critical urgency of symptomatic arrhythmias. Digestive absorption rates vary, making it unreliable during an acute physiological crisis. B. Delaying treatment to recheck labs when life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias are present constitutes clinical negligence. Physical symptoms of paralysis indicate a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention. Clinical judgment mandates prioritizing airway, breathing, and circulation over repetitive diagnostic confirmation in acute stages. C. Intravenous potassium is the gold standard for treating symptomatic hypokalemia to rapidly stabilize cardiac electrical activity. The infusion must be administered via a pump-controlled device to prevent accidental bolus. Central venous access is preferred to minimize the risk of peripheral phlebitis or tissue necrosis. D. Dietary intake is an insufficient corrective measure for patients with neurological deficits or cardiac conduction issues. While bananas or oranges prevent deficiency, they cannot provide the therapeutic concentrations required to reverse paralysis. High-fiber foods are strictly a long-term maintenance strategy rather than an acute rescue intervention.

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