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    Mental health proctored exam (viterbo university)

    A patient comes to the emergency department reporting flu-like symptoms. The nurse’s assessment reveals diaphoresis, a runny nose, muscle aches, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. The patient history includes previous drug rehabilitation. What may these symptoms indicate if flu is ruled out as a cause of the symptoms?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A: LSD or hallucinogen withdrawal typically does not present with severe physical symptoms like diaphoresis, muscle aches, and abdominal cramping. Withdrawal from hallucinogens is more likely to involve psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and perceptual disturbances. B: Opioid withdrawal is characterized by symptoms such as diaphoresis, runny nose, muscle aches, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. These symptoms are consistent with the body’s response to the absence of opioids, which can cause significant physical discomfort and distress. C: Cocaine withdrawal primarily involves psychological symptoms such as depression, fatigue, increased appetite, and vivid unpleasant dreams. While some physical symptoms can occur, they are not as pronounced as those seen in opioid withdrawal. D: Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal can include symptoms like anxiety, tremors, insomnia, and, in severe cases, seizures. However, the symptoms described in the question are more characteristic of opioid withdrawal.

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