A patient is prescribed aspirin for Coronary Artery Disease. Which of the following should the nurse monitor?

Choice A rationale Aspirin does not typically increase urine output. In fact, in large doses, it can cause renal impairment leading to decreased urine output. Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and can be nephrotoxic, particularly with long-term use or in high doses, but it is not a diuretic. Choice B rationale Aspirin does not cause hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is a low sodium level in the blood (normal range 135-145 mEq/L) and is often associated with conditions like fluid overload or the use of certain diuretics. Aspirin's primary effects are on platelet aggregation and inflammation, not electrolyte balance. Choice C rationale Aspirin does not cause elevated blood glucose levels. Medications that typically cause hyperglycemia include corticosteroids, some diuretics, and certain antipsychotics. Aspirin's primary mechanism of action involves inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, which are not directly involved in glucose metabolism. Choice D rationale Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), preventing the formation of thromboxane A2 and subsequent platelet aggregation. This increases the risk of bleeding. The nurse must monitor for signs of hemorrhage, such as bruising, petechiae, blood in the stool (melena), or coffee-ground emesis.