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    NU335 Med Surgadult Health Proctored Exam

    A patient is taking an oral anticoagulant for a deep vein thrombosis. Which symptom would the nurse educate the patient to report immediately?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Elevated hematocrit: An elevated hematocrit reflects increased red blood cell concentration and may be associated with dehydration or polycythemia, but it is not a typical complication of oral anticoagulant therapy. Anticoagulants increase bleeding risk rather than causing hemoconcentration. B. Dizziness: Dizziness can have multiple etiologies, including orthostatic hypotension, anemia, or medication effects. While it may warrant evaluation, it is nonspecific and not necessarily an immediate sign of anticoagulant-related complications. It becomes more concerning if associated with signs of significant blood loss or hemodynamic instability. C. Blood pressure 150/88: A blood pressure of 150/88 mmHg is elevated but does not constitute a hypertensive emergency. Although uncontrolled hypertension can increase the risk of hemorrhagic complications in anticoagulated patients, this value alone does not require immediate emergency reporting unless accompanied by neurological symptoms. D. Bleeding profusely: Profuse bleeding is a critical complication of oral anticoagulant therapy, as these medications impair clot formation by inhibiting vitamin K–dependent clotting factors or thrombin activity. Uncontrolled bleeding can rapidly lead to hypovolemia, shock, or intracranial hemorrhage. Immediate medical attention is necessary to assess coagulation status and administer reversal agents if indicated.

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