A patient who has had good control for chronic pain using a fentanyl (Duragesic) patch reports rapid onset pain at a level 9 (0 to 10 scale) and requests "something for pain that will work quickly." How will the nurse document the type of pain reported by this patient?

Rationale: A. Breakthrough pain is a sudden, intense flare of pain that occurs even though the patient is receiving around-the-clock analgesia (such as a fentanyl patch). It requires fast-acting supplemental medication. B. Referred pain is felt in a location different from its source (e.g., shoulder pain from gallbladder disease). C. Neuropathic pain results from nerve damage and is typically described as burning, tingling, or shooting, not sudden breakthrough pain. D. Somatic pain originates in bones, joints, muscles, or skin. While the patient may have somatic pain, the description of sudden severe pain despite ongoing analgesia defines breakthrough pain.