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    N158 nursing care of infants proctored exam (paediatrics)

    A school-age child diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome has a heart rate of 142 bpm, blood pressure of 82/53 mmHg, and urine output of 0.8 mL/kg/hr.Which interpretation is most accurate?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Hypertension related to stress and pain: The child is hypotensive, not hypertensive. Blood pressure of 82/53 mmHg with tachycardia suggests circulatory collapse, not elevated pressure due to stress or pain. B. Hypovolemic shock due to extensive skin loss: Stevens-Johnson syndrome causes widespread skin and mucosal loss, similar to burn injuries. This leads to massive fluid shifts, resulting in hypotension, tachycardia, and decreased urine output, all consistent with hypovolemic shock. C. Adequate fluid resuscitation and stable status: Adequate resuscitation would show normal blood pressure and heart rate, with urine output ≥1 mL/kg/hr. The findings here demonstrate instability and inadequate circulation, not stability. D. Normal vital signs and urine output based on age: A heart rate of 142 bpm and hypotension are not normal for a school-age child. Urine output of 0.8 mL/kg/hr is below the expected minimum of 1 mL/kg/hr, indicating inadequate perfusion.

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