After undergoing a liver biopsy, which post-procedure assessment is the nurse's priority?

Rationale: A. The most serious and potentially life-threatening complication after a liver biopsy is hemorrhage. Bleeding may occur either at the puncture site or internally within the abdominal cavity. Early signs of hypovolemic shock include hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, and cool, clammy skin. Monitoring vital signs frequently—typically every 15 minutes for the first hour and then at progressively longer intervals if stable—allows the nurse to detect bleeding early and intervene promptly. Early recognition is essential because internal bleeding may not be immediately visible, and delays can result in rapid deterioration and death. Vital signs are therefore the priority assessment immediately post-procedure. B. This is incorrect as the primary focus, though it remains an important secondary assessment. Abdominal pain, tenderness, or distension may indicate bleeding or bile leakage, but vital signs usually change before these physical findings become apparent. Relying solely on subjective symptoms could delay recognition of serious complications. C. Infection is a potential late complication of liver biopsy, typically developing days after the procedure. While monitoring the site for redness, swelling, or drainage is part of ongoing post-procedure care, it is not the immediate priority compared to detecting life-threatening hemorrhage. D. This is incorrect as the primary immediate assessment. Changes in mental status may indicate severe hypovolemia, hypoxia, or hepatic encephalopathy, but they are less sensitive and later indicators than vital sign changes. By the time significant mental status changes occur, the client may already be in advanced shock, making early vital sign monitoring more critical.