All of the following are false of diffuse axonal injury except
Explanation & Rationale
Rationale: A. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is primarily caused by rotational or acceleration-deceleration forces, which produce shearing stress on axons. This mechanism disrupts axonal integrity, leading to widespread neuronal injury and is a hallmark feature of DAI. B. DAI often involves microscopic or small hemorrhagic lesions in areas such as the corpus callosum, brainstem, and gray-white matter junction. The statement that there are no hemorrhagic lesions is false. C. While this statement is true about the pathophysiology of DAI, the question asks which statement is true among false statements. This option is misleading without the context of mechanism. The primary defining feature is the shearing from rotational forces. D. DAI is more common than 20%, accounting for a significant proportion of severe traumatic brain injuries, particularly those resulting from high-speed motor vehicle accidents. The exact prevalence varies by study but is generally higher than 20% in severe TBI populations.