An adolescent diagnosed with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is also found to be experimenting with alcohol and cigarettes. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize to prevent the escalation of substance abuse?

A. Starting the adolescent on a course of antidepressants is inappropriate as a primary intervention for preventing substance use. While medication may be indicated for mood symptoms associated with DMDD, it does not directly address risky behaviors like alcohol and cigarette experimentation. B. Providing education on the risks associated with substance use and offering supportive counseling is correct. substance use prevention in adolescents emphasizes early intervention through education, skill-building, and supportive guidance. Adolescents with DMDD may engage in risky behaviors due to impulsivity and mood dysregulation. Educating them about health risks, combined with counseling that fosters coping strategies, enhances awareness, self-control, and informed decision-making, reducing the likelihood of escalation to substance abuse. C. Implementing strict disciplinary measures may create resistance, secrecy, or rebellion, and does not address the underlying emotional or behavioral drivers of substance use. Punitive approaches alone are not effective preventive interventions. D. Encouraging isolation to avoid peer pressure is counterproductive. Social isolation can exacerbate mood dysregulation, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Supportive, structured social engagement is preferable to promote healthy peer interactions.