An elementary school nurse is educating parents on parasitic skin infections. Which skin infections are caused by parasites? (Select all that apply.) Multiple options may be correct

A. Ringworm: Ringworm, or tinea infections, are caused by dermatophyte fungi, not parasites. These fungal infections affect the skin, hair, and nails, presenting as circular, erythematous, scaly lesions. Therefore, ringworm is not classified as a parasitic infection. B. Carbuncles: Carbuncles are bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus involving multiple hair follicles. They present as red, painful, pus-filled nodules and are not caused by parasites. C. Scabies: Scabies is a parasitic infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. The mites burrow into the epidermis, causing intense pruritus and characteristic linear burrows, especially in web spaces, wrists, and other skin folds. This is a classic example of a parasitic skin infection. D. Tinea pedis: Tinea pedis, commonly known as athlete’s foot, is a fungal infection caused by dermatophytes, not parasites. It manifests as scaling, cracking, and itching between the toes and on the soles of the feet. E. Lice: Lice infestations are caused by parasitic insects such as Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice). They feed on human blood, lay eggs (nits) on hair shafts, and cause pruritus. Lice are a direct example of parasitic skin infections common in children and close-contact settings.