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    ATI Health Assessment Proctored Exam

    During a cardiac assessment of a client you observed jugular vein distension, and auscultated $3 gallop heart sound. These findings most likely suggest which of the following conditions?

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Peripheral vascular disease involves issues with blood flow to the extremities but does not typically present with jugular vein distension or a gallop heart sound. B. Fluid and electrolyte disturbances may affect heart rhythm and fluid balance but are less likely to present with these specific findings. C. Heart failure is the most likely cause, as jugular vein distension and a third heart sound (S3 gallop) are common signs of heart failure, particularly when the heart cannot effectively pump blood. D. Atrial-septal defect may cause heart murmurs or irregular rhythms but is not typically associated with jugular vein distension or an S3 gallop.

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