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    Hesi rn medical surgical proctored exam (cardiac)

    Exhibits Initial testing is complete, and the nurse is reviewing the results. Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statement by selecting from the lists of options provided. The nurse determines that the client hasdropdown as evidenced by ST depression on electrocardiogram and normal dropdownlevel.

    Explanation & Rationale

    • New onset angina: The client’s chest pain is unrelieved by rest and associated with ST depression on ECG. These features indicate myocardial ischemia without infarction, consistent with unstable angina. Since this is the client’s first episode, it is classified as new onset angina, which requires urgent evaluation and treatment. • Troponin: Troponin is a specific cardiac biomarker that rises in response to myocardial cell injury or infarction. A normal troponin level in the setting of ST depression and chest pain suggests ischemia without necrosis, confirming the diagnosis of angina rather than myocardial infarction. • ST elevation myocardial infarction: STEMI is diagnosed when there is ST elevation in two or more contiguous ECG leads, accompanied by elevated cardiac markers. The client’s ECG shows ST depression, not elevation, and his troponin is normal, making STEMI unlikely. • Chronic stable angina: Chronic stable angina occurs with predictable exertion and is typically relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. This client’s pain worsened over 30 minutes and was not relieved by rest, indicating unstable rather than stable angina. • prothrombin: Prothrombin time reflects clotting ability, not cardiac ischemia. While important in evaluating bleeding risks or anticoagulation status, it is not relevant in diagnosing angina or MI. • INR: INR is used to monitor anticoagulation therapy, especially in clients on warfarin. It does not indicate myocardial injury or help confirm ischemia or infarction. The client’s INR is normal and unrelated to the chest pain evaluation.

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