Exhibits Review H and P, laboratory results, flow sheet, and orders. The nurse notifies the health care provider of the lab values, blood pressure and pulse, and current intake and output. Which prescriptions does the nurse expect the healthcare provider to write based on the information? Select all that apply.
Explanation & Rationale
A. Add potassium to the intravenous fluids: The client’s potassium has dropped progressively from 3.8 to 2.9 mEq/L, indicating hypokalemia, likely due to gastric suction and inadequate replacement. Adding potassium to IV fluids will help restore normal serum potassium levels and relieve symptoms such as leg cramps and fatigue. B. Bolus calcium: The calcium levels are within the normal range (9.2 mg/dL), so a calcium bolus is unnecessary. Administering calcium could cause hypercalcemia and associated complications such as arrhythmias. C. Flush the central line with 3% sodium chloride: Hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) is used for severe hyponatremia, which is not present here. The client’s sodium levels are normal, so this intervention is unsafe and unnecessary. D. Increase the intravenous fluid rate: The client’s blood pressure is low (86/64 mm Hg) and urine output is borderline, suggesting mild dehydration or fluid deficit. Increasing the IV rate helps restore intravascular volume and stabilize perfusion. E. Decrease the percentage of sodium in the intravenous fluids: The current fluid is D5NS (5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride), appropriate for NPO status and nasogastric suction losses. Reducing sodium concentration would worsen electrolyte imbalance and hypovolemia. F. Turn off the suction on the nasogastric tube: The NG suction is ordered for gastric decompression after surgery. Stopping it without provider direction could cause nausea, vomiting, or distention, worsening the client’s condition. G. Administer a diuretic: The client’s blood pressure is already low, and urine output is not excessive. Giving a diuretic would worsen hypovolemia and hypotension, making it contraindicated at this time.