In 2010, the Institute of Medicine published the report The Future of Nursing, in which it stated: "Regulatory and institutional obstacles — including limits on nurses' scope of practice — should be removed so that the health system can reap the full benefit of nurses' training, skills, and knowledge in patient care." How did the American Medical Association respond?

Choice A reason: The AMA did not remain silent on the report. Given the implications for scope of practice and healthcare delivery models, the organization issued a formal response to the IOM’s recommendations. Choice B reason: The American Medical Association challenged the report, emphasizing the importance of physician-led teams in maintaining high standards of care and cost-effectiveness. The AMA expressed concern that expanding nurses’ scope of practice without physician oversight could compromise care quality and safety. Their stance reflected a broader debate over professional boundaries and healthcare roles. Choice C reason: The AMA did not accept the report in its entirety nor did it assist in implementing its recommendations at the federal level. In fact, their response was critical, not supportive. Choice D reason: The AMA did not actively help distribute or implement the report at the state level. While some nursing organizations and coalitions did pursue state-level reforms, the AMA’s position remained oppositional.