In addition to calling 911, what is the appropriate nursing response when a client calls the telehealth nurse to report being bitten on the arm by an unknown type of snake?

A. Although it may seem intuitive to cool the bite site, ice is not recommended in snakebite management. Cooling can damage local tissue and does not slow the systemic spread of venom. Applying ice can actually worsen tissue injury and delay healing. B. Techniques such as suction or cutting the bite site are outdated and ineffective. Studies show that attempting to extract venom orally does not remove enough venom to impact outcomes and increases the risk of infection or further tissue damage. C. Tourniquets are contraindicated because they can restrict blood flow, leading to tissue ischemia, necrosis, and permanent damage. Additionally, sudden release of a tourniquet may cause a surge of venom into the circulation, worsening systemic toxicity. D. Immobilization helps slow lymphatic spread of venom, reducing systemic absorption. Keeping the limb at or slightly below heart level prevents unnecessary venom circulation while avoiding excessive swelling that would occur if the limb were elevated above the heart. The patient should remain calm and limit movement to reduce venom distribution. Emergency medical services should be contacted immediately for assessment, antivenom administration if indicated, and monitoring of vital signs and systemic effects.