Match the IV fluid types to their action in the body. Use each response once only. Prompts Possible Answers Large molecules stay in intravascular space dropdown Draws fluid out of swollen cells dropdown Restores intravascular volume dropdown Easily mix within a solution dropdown Fluids are pulled into the cell dropdown

Rationale: • Large molecules stay in intravascular space – Colloids: Colloids contain large molecules such as albumin or dextran that do not easily cross capillary membranes. These molecules increase oncotic pressure, drawing fluid into the intravascular space and maintaining blood volume. Colloids are often used for hypovolemia or shock when rapid plasma expansion is needed. • Draws fluid out of swollen cells – Hypertonic solutions: Hypertonic solutions, such as 3% saline or 5% dextrose in normal saline, have higher osmolarity than plasma. They pull water out of cells into the extracellular or intravascular space, reducing cellular edema. This is critical in cases like cerebral edema or severe hyponatremia. • Restores intravascular volume – Isotonic solutions: Isotonic fluids, including 0.9% sodium chloride and lactated Ringer’s, have an osmolarity similar to plasma. They remain largely within the intravascular space, effectively increasing circulating blood volume without causing fluid shifts between compartments, making them ideal for dehydration or blood loss. • Easily mix within a solution – Crystalloids: Crystalloids consist of small molecules, such as electrolytes, that readily dissolve in water. They distribute easily between intravascular and interstitial compartments, making them versatile for hydration, maintenance, or replacing fluid losses. Examples include 0.9% saline and 5% dextrose in water. • Fluids are pulled into the cell – Hypotonic solutions: Hypotonic solutions, like 0.45% sodium chloride, have lower osmolarity than plasma. They move water from the extracellular to the intracellular space, hydrating cells in cases of cellular dehydration. Careful monitoring is required to prevent hypotension or cerebral edema.