Mr. Jones is a 65-year-old client who is struggling with his sense of purpose after retirement. Which psychoanalyst developed a developmental theory that covers the entire lifespan?

Choice A reason: Sigmund Freud developed psychosexual stages of development, which primarily focus on early childhood and do not extend meaningfully into older adulthood. Choice B reason: Jean Piaget is known for his cognitive development theory, which focuses on childhood stages of learning and does not address adult psychosocial development. Choice C reason: Erik Erikson developed the psychosocial stages of development, which span from infancy to late adulthood. His final stage, "Integrity vs. Despair," specifically addresses the challenges of aging and finding meaning after retirement. Choice D reason: Milton Erickson was a psychiatrist known for his work in hypnosis and brief therapy, not for a developmental theory covering the lifespan.