Personality traits, including low stress tolerance, dependency, negative self-image, and depression have been identified in persons who exhibit a pattern of compulsive and habitual substance abuse termed:

A. pre-addiction This is not a clinical diagnosis, and is too vague for the defined traits mentioned. B. chronic users Describes long-term use, but doesn’t address the underlying personality characteristics. C. addictive personality Refers to a set of personality traits that increase vulnerability to addiction, such as impulsivity, low self-esteem, and poor stress management. D. substance abusers A general term; does not specifically refer to the personality traits mentioned.