Phase 2: A 10-week-old is brought to the emergency department with three days of rhinorrhea, congestion, and cough. He is presenting with mild intercostal retractions, congested cough, HR: 178, RR: 65 breaths/min, his capillary refill is >4 seconds, O2 Sat: 92% on RA, T- 99.2 F, wheezing is heard bilaterally, & mother feels the infant needs help breathing. Unable to stay latched to breast. Restless and has head bobbing. Mother at bedside. Which nursing actions (interventions) are indicated for infant’s care at this time? (select all that apply)
Explanation & Rationale
A. Assess the infant’s airway and perform nasal suctioning as needed: Infants are obligate nose breathers. Significant nasal congestion is present and interfering with feeding and breathing. Suctioning can relieve obstruction and improve oxygenation. B. Encourage oral fluids to prevent dehydration: The infant is unable to stay latched to breast, showing signs of respiratory distress. Oral fluids are not safe at this time due to risk of aspiration. IV fluids may be required instead. C. Administer antipyretics as prescribed: The infant's temperature is 99.2°F, which is not febrile. Antipyretics are not indicated. D. Administer albuterol as prescribed: Bilateral wheezing is present, indicating lower airway involvement. Bronchodilators like albuterol are appropriate to relieve bronchospasm if prescribed. E. Administer IV antibiotic therapy as prescribed: There is no indication of a bacterial infection at this point. This presentation is more consistent with bronchiolitis, which is typically viral (commonly RSV), and antibiotics are not routinely used unless there is a confirmed bacterial co-infection. F. Administer oxygen via HHFNC (Heated High-Flow Nasal Cannula): The infant’s O₂ saturation is 92% on room air, which is below the normal threshold (>94% in infants). HHFNC can provide both oxygen and positive airway pressure to ease breathing effort.