The 75-year-old client is hospitalized with end-stage chronic kidney disease. Which of the following serum lab findings would the nurse expect? Select all that apply.

Choice A reason: Decreased calcium is expected in end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to impaired kidney function. The kidneys are responsible for converting vitamin D into its active form, which helps in calcium absorption. Reduced kidney function leads to decreased active vitamin D, resulting in lower calcium levels.Choice B reason: Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is not typical in CKD. Instead, BUN levels usually increase because the kidneys are less able to remove urea from the blood. Urea is a waste product of protein metabolism, and elevated BUN is indicative of impaired kidney function.Choice C reason: Decreased hemoglobin is expected in CKD due to reduced production of erythropoietin by the kidneys. Erythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells, and a lack of it leads to anemia, reflected by lower hemoglobin levels.Choice D reason: Decreased potassium is not typically seen in CKD. In fact, potassium levels often increase because the kidneys are less able to excrete it. Hyperkalemia (high potassium) is a common complication in CKD and requires careful monitoring.Choice E reason: Elevated creatinine is expected in CKD. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, and elevated levels indicate impaired kidney function as the kidneys are less able to clear it from the blood.Choice F reason: Increased phosphorus is a common finding in CKD due to the kidneys' reduced ability to excrete phosphorus. This can lead to hyperphosphatemia, which can cause secondary hyperparathyroidism and further complications.Choice G reason: Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a hallmark of CKD. GFR measures how well the kidneys are filtering blood, and a lower GFR indicates reduced kidney function. It is used to stage the severity of CKD.