The advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is documenting their physical exam findings for a patient with acute outs media. Which of the following statements most accurately describes otoscope findings of acute otitis media?
Explanation & Rationale
A. Bilateral tympanic membranes erythematous, flat, with good cone of light is incorrect because, although erythema is present, the TM is flat, landmarks are intact, and the cone of light is visible, which suggests no middle ear effusion and does not meet criteria for AOM. This may indicate mild irritation, viral upper respiratory infection, or early inflammation. B. Left tympanic membrane erythematous, bulging and non-mobile, with loss of landmarks is correct because these findings reflect the classic presentation of acute otitis media. Bulging occurs due to pressure from pus or fluid in the middle ear, and non-mobility on pneumatic testing confirms the presence of middle ear effusion, which differentiates AOM from viral pharyngitis or external ear infections. C. Bilateral tympanic membranes intact and mobile, with good cone of light is incorrect because these are normal otoscopic findings, indicating no acute infection, normal TM integrity, and proper mobility. D. Right tympanic membrane erythematous and flat, with blood-tinged discharge is incorrect because the blood-tinged discharge suggests trauma, tympanic membrane perforation, or chronic otitis media with perforation, rather than typical AOM. While erythema is consistent with inflammation, the presence of discharge and flat TM points to a different pathology.