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    Pharmacology proctored exam (examplify)
    Select All That Apply

    The nurse administers NPH insulin to a client. During the medication's peak, the nurse knows to monitor for which signs and symptoms indicate the patient is experiencing hypoglycemia. Select all that apply.

    Explanation & Rationale

    A. Hypertension: Hypoglycemia does not present with elevated blood pressure. Instead, adrenergic stimulation often causes palpitations, tremors, and sweating rather than significant blood pressure changes. B. Bradycardia: Low blood sugar triggers sympathetic activation, which usually results in tachycardia. Bradycardia is not a classic manifestation of hypoglycemia. C. Tachycardia: Hypoglycemia stimulates the release of catecholamines, leading to an increased heart rate. Tachycardia is a common early adrenergic symptom that signals dropping glucose levels. D. Diaphoresis: Sweating is a hallmark autonomic sign of hypoglycemia caused by sympathetic nervous system activation. It is one of the most recognizable symptoms for both patients and healthcare providers. E. Hyperactivity: Hypoglycemia more commonly causes weakness, irritability, confusion, or seizures when severe. Hyperactivity is not characteristic and does not reflect the physiological response to low glucose.

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