The nurse assesses a client who has a possible gastritis. Which assessment findings indicates that, the client has chronic gastritis? (Select all that applies).

A. Intolerance of fatty foods: Chronic gastritis can impair digestive enzyme production and reduce gastric acid secretion, leading to difficulty digesting fats. Clients often report bloating, fullness, or discomfort after consuming fatty meals, which is a common manifestation of long-term mucosal inflammation. B. Dyspepsia: Dyspepsia, including epigastric discomfort, burning, or gnawing pain, is a hallmark symptom of chronic gastritis. It occurs due to ongoing irritation and inflammation of the gastric mucosa, often exacerbated by certain foods or stress, and persists over weeks to months. C. Nausea and vomiting: While nausea and vomiting are common in acute gastritis due to sudden mucosal irritation, they are less prominent or intermittent in chronic gastritis. Chronic gastritis often presents with more subtle symptoms rather than acute emesis episodes. D. Anorexia: Chronic inflammation of the stomach lining can lead to decreased appetite, early satiety, and overall reduced food intake. Anorexia is a characteristic finding in chronic gastritis and may contribute to weight loss over time. E. Pernicious anemia: Pernicious anemia occurs in chronic gastritis, particularly the autoimmune type, due to atrophy of parietal cells and decreased intrinsic factor production. This results in impaired vitamin B12 absorption, leading to megaloblastic anemia and neurological complications.