The nurse begins a client's musculoskeletal assessment. While using the technique of inspection, the nurse assesses for which possible findings? Select all that apply.

A. Crepitus. Crepitus is a crackling or grating sensation felt during joint movement, typically caused by cartilage degeneration or air in the joint. It is assessed through palpation rather than inspection. B. Contracture. Contracture is the permanent tightening of muscles, tendons, or ligaments due to prolonged immobility or neurological conditions. It can be observed through inspection as limited joint movement or abnormal limb positioning. C. Osteopenia. Osteopenia refers to decreased bone density, which is diagnosed through imaging tests like a bone density scan (DEXA). It cannot be directly observed during inspection. D. Atrophy. Muscle atrophy, or the wasting away of muscle tissue, can be visually assessed during inspection. It appears as a noticeable decrease in muscle size, often due to disuse, nerve damage, or disease. E. Kyphosis. Kyphosis, an excessive outward curvature of the spine leading to a hunched posture, is easily identified through inspection. It is commonly seen in conditions such as osteoporosis or poor posture habits.