The nurse implements the plan of care for a patient with bacterial meningitis. Which intervention(s) would the nurse plan to implement? Select all that apply.
Explanation & Rationale
A. Assess blood glucose levels frequently: Routine glucose monitoring is not a primary intervention for bacterial meningitis unless the patient has diabetes or is receiving corticosteroids or other glucose-altering therapies. Hyperglycemia is not a direct concern in uncomplicated bacterial meningitis. B. Frequent neurologic checks: Frequent assessment of neurologic status, including level of consciousness, pupillary response, and motor function, is critical to detect early signs of increased intracranial pressure, cerebral edema, or complications such as seizures. Rapid identification of neurologic changes allows timely intervention and improves outcomes. C. Administration of intravenous (IV) antibiotics: Prompt initiation of empiric IV antibiotics is the cornerstone of bacterial meningitis treatment. IV administration ensures rapid therapeutic levels in the bloodstream and cerebrospinal fluid, reducing bacterial proliferation and preventing further neurologic damage. D. Decreasing environmental stimuli: Minimizing noise, light, and other stimuli helps reduce agitation, headache, and photophobia commonly experienced in meningitis. Creating a calm environment supports comfort, reduces ICP elevation from agitation, and facilitates rest, which is important during the acute phase of illness. E. Administration of IV anticonvulsants: Anticonvulsants are not routinely administered prophylactically in bacterial meningitis. They are reserved for patients who develop seizures or are at high risk due to specific neurologic involvement. Routine prophylactic use is not indicated.