The nurse is assessing a 13-year-old boy with type 2 diabetes mellitus. What would the nurse correlate with disorder?
Explanation & Rationale
A. The parents report that their child had “a cold or flu” recently: Recent viral illness is more commonly associated with the onset of type 1 diabetes due to autoimmune pancreatic beta-cell destruction. Type 2 diabetes develops gradually and is related to insulin resistance rather than an acute immune trigger. B. Blood pressure is decreased when checking vital signs: Hypotension is not an early or expected finding in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Blood pressure is often normal or elevated due to insulin resistance and associated metabolic changes. Decreased blood pressure may suggest dehydration or another acute condition rather than chronic hyperglycemia. C. The parents report that their son “can’t drink enough water.”: Excessive thirst, or polydipsia, is a classic manifestation of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood glucose causes osmotic diuresis, leading to increased urine output and compensatory thirst. This symptom is commonly reported in adolescents with type 2 diabetes. D. Auscultation reveals Kussmaul breathing: Kussmaul respirations are deep, rapid breaths associated with metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis. DKA is more frequently seen in type 1 diabetes than type 2, especially in children. This respiratory pattern indicates a severe acute metabolic disturbance rather than typical type 2 presentation.