The nurse is assessing a hospitalized client with pulmonary edema who is reporting two pillow orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. The nurse observes rapid shallow respirations and use of accessory muscles. Which action should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A. Institute a daily fluid restriction while the client is in the hospital: In pulmonary edema, fluid overload worsens respiratory symptoms by increasing hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary circulation. A fluid restriction helps reduce volume overload and relieve dyspnea. B. Teach the client about home blood pressure monitoring methods: Although blood pressure control is important in heart failure management, this action does not address the client's acute respiratory distress. C. Change intravenous (IV) fluids to a more hypotonic solution: Changing to hypotonic IV fluids could worsen fluid overload by shifting fluids into the interstitial spaces. Clients with pulmonary edema usually require restricted fluids and possibly diuretics rather than continued IV infusions. D. Prepare the client for an emergency embolectomy: An embolectomy is indicated for a massive pulmonary embolism. The client's symptoms, such as orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, are consistent with fluid overload and left-sided heart failure.